| 2026-08-15 | UFC 330: Makhachev vs. Machado Garry | Lightweight | Esteban Ribovics def. Edson Barboza | TKO (punches) | 2 | 1:32 |
| 2025-12-06 | UFC 323: Dvalishvili vs. Yan 2 | Lightweight | Jalin Turner def. Edson Barboza | TKO (punches) | 1 | 2:24 |
| 2025-08-16 | UFC 319: du Plessis vs. Chimaev | Lightweight | Drakkar Klose def. Edson Barboza | Decision (unanimous) (29–28, 29–28, 29–28) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2024-05-18 | UFC Fight Night: Barboza vs. Murphy | Featherweight | Lerone Murphy def. Edson Barboza | Decision (unanimous) (49–46, 50–45, 50–45) | 5 | 5:00 |
| 2023-10-14 | UFC Fight Night: Yusuff vs. Barboza | Featherweight | Edson Barboza def. Sodiq Yusuff | Decision (unanimous) (49–46, 48–46, 48–46) | 5 | 5:00 |
| 2023-04-15 | UFC on ESPN: Holloway vs. Allen | Featherweight | Edson Barboza def. Billy Quarantillo | KO (knee) | 1 | 2:37 |
| 2022-03-05 | UFC 272: Covington vs. Masvidal | Featherweight | Bryce Mitchell def. Edson Barboza | Decision (unanimous) (30–25, 30–26, 30–27) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2021-08-28 | UFC on ESPN: Barboza vs. Chikadze | Featherweight | Giga Chikadze def. Edson Barboza | TKO (punches) | 3 | 1:44 |
| 2021-05-15 | UFC 262: Oliveira vs. Chandler | Featherweight | Edson Barboza def. Shane Burgos | KO (punches) | 3 | 1:16 |
| 2020-10-11 | UFC Fight Night: Moraes vs. Sandhagen | Featherweight | Edson Barboza def. Makwan Amirkhani | Decision (unanimous) (30–26, 30–27, 29–28) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2020-05-16 | UFC on ESPN: Overeem vs. Harris | Featherweight | Dan Ige def. Edson Barboza | Decision (split) (28–29, 29–28, 29–28) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2019-09-07 | UFC 242: Khabib vs. Poirier | Lightweight | Paul Felder def. Edson Barboza | Decision (split) (27–30, 29–28, 30–27) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2019-03-30 | UFC on ESPN: Barboza vs. Gaethje | Lightweight | Justin Gaethje def. Edson Barboza | KO (punch) | 1 | 2:30 |
| 2018-12-15 | UFC on Fox: Lee vs. Iaquinta 2 | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Dan Hooker | KO (punch to the body) | 3 | 2:19 |
| 2018-04-21 | UFC Fight Night: Barboza vs. Lee | Catchweight | Kevin Lee def. Edson Barboza | TKO (doctor stoppage) | 5 | 2:18 |
| 2017-12-30 | UFC 219: Cyborg vs. Holm | Lightweight | Khabib Nurmagomedov def. Edson Barboza | Decision (unanimous) (30–25, 30–25, 30–24) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2017-03-11 | UFC Fight Night: Belfort vs. Gastelum | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Beneil Dariush | KO (flying knee) | 2 | 3:35 |
| 2016-07-23 | UFC on Fox: Holm vs. Shevchenko | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Gilbert Melendez | Decision (unanimous) (30–27, 30–27, 29–28) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2016-04-23 | UFC 197: Jones vs. Saint Preux | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Anthony Pettis | Decision (unanimous) (29–28, 29–28, 30–27) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2015-12-11 | The Ultimate Fighter: Team McGregor vs. Team Faber Finale | Lightweight | Tony Ferguson def. Edson Barboza | Submission (D'Arce choke) | 2 | 2:54 |
| 2015-07-25 | UFC on Fox: Dillashaw vs. Barão 2 | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Paul Felder | Decision (unanimous) (29–28, 29–28, 29–28) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2015-02-22 | UFC Fight Night: Bigfoot vs. Mir | Lightweight | Michael Johnson def. Edson Barboza | Decision (unanimous) (29–28, 30–27, 30–27) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2014-11-22 | UFC Fight Night: Edgar vs. Swanson | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Bobby Green | Decision (unanimous) (30–27, 30–27, 30–27) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2014-07-16 | UFC Fight Night: Cowboy vs. Miller | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Evan Dunham | TKO (body kick and punches) | 1 | 3:06 |
| 2014-04-19 | UFC on Fox: Werdum vs. Browne | Lightweight | Donald Cerrone def. Edson Barboza | Submission (rear-naked choke) | 1 | 3:15 |
| 2013-12-14 | UFC on Fox: Johnson vs. Benavidez 2 | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Danny Castillo | Decision (majority) (29–28, 29–28, 28–28) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2013-07-06 | UFC 162: Silva vs. Weidman | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Rafaello Oliveira | TKO (leg kicks) | 2 | 1:44 |
| 2013-01-19 | UFC on FX: Belfort vs. Bisping | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Lucas Martins | TKO (punches) | 1 | 2:38 |
| 2012-05-26 | UFC 146: dos Santos vs. Mir | Lightweight | Jamie Varner def. Edson Barboza | TKO (punches) | 1 | 3:23 |
| 2012-01-14 | UFC 142: Aldo vs. Mendes | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Terry Etim | KO (wheel kick) | 3 | 2:02 |
| 2011-08-27 | UFC 134: Silva vs. Okami | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Ross Pearson | Decision (split) (29–28, 28–29, 29–28) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2011-03-19 | UFC 128: Shogun vs. Jones | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Anthony Njokuani | Decision (unanimous) (29–28, 29–28, 29–28) | 3 | 5:00 |
| 2010-11-20 | UFC 123: Rampage vs. Machida | Lightweight | Edson Barboza def. Mike Lullo | TKO (leg kicks) | 3 | 0:26 |